The solemnity of Corpus Domini (Latin expression that means the body of the Lord) is one of the main solemnities of the liturgical year of the catholic church and its purpose is to celebrate the real presence of Christ during the Holy Communion. Today, more appropriately, it is called, the solemnity of the body and blood of Christ. In those nations where it is considered a public holiday, it is celebrated on the Thursday after the solemnity of the Holy Trinity and, in the other nations, the Sunday after. During the solemnity of Corpus Christi, throughout the procession, wrapped up in an monstrance, a consecrated Host is brought and exposed to the faithful for the public adoration of the real and living Jesus, present during the holy sacrament. Originated in Belgium in 1246 as the feast of the Diocese of LiПge, the solemnity of Corpus Christi was established on 8th September 1264 from pope Urban IV with the Transiturus de hoc mundo bill in relation to the miracle of Bolsena. According to the tradition, during the late summer of 1263 a priest from Bohemia, Peter from Prague, tormented by the doubt of the real presence of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine, undertook a pilgrimage towards Rome. Soon after having relieved his soul by praying on Peter’s grave, he restarted his journey towards his land stopping to spend the night in the church of St. Cristina in Bolsena. Tormented again by the doubt, he asked to celebrate mass and after the consecration, while splitting the sacramental bread a “prodigy” seemed to have taken place before his eyes to which at the beginning he did not want to believe: the host that he held in his hands became flesh from which abundant blood miraculously dripped. Scared and confused but, at the same time, full of joy, he concluded the celebration, he wrapped up everything in the linen corporal used for the purification of the chalice which immediately stained with blood and he fled towards the sacristy. En route some drops of blood seemed to have fallen also on the marble pavement and on the steps of the altar. The priest went immediately to pope Urban IV, who was in Orvieto, to tell him what had happened and the pontiff sent the bishop of Orvieto to Bolseno to verify the truthfulness of the event and to take back the reliquaries. The bishop returned with the reliquaries of the “miracle” and the Pope placed them in the shrine of the Saint Mary cathedral of Orvieto. Currently the reliquaries are kept in the Minster of Orvieto, appropriately built in 1290 to host them. In some places, (for example in Genzano – Rome, Pievepelago – Modena, Spotorno) along the route of the procession you will find a natural flower carpet assembled with panels of petals of flowers. Some traditions require that the petals used to make the floral creations, must be fresh and gathered at sunrise.
